Vulnerable Workers
The increased use of contingent (i.e., non-permanent) employment arrangements is transforming Canadian workplaces. Tasks that might have been given to permanent employees in the past are increasingly being given to workers hired on a temporary basis and to independent contractors or “gig” workers. We study how individuals adapt to contingent work arrangements, and the true organizational costs of hiring different types of contingent workers, including through Canada's Temporary Foreign Worker Program. We also study the effects of wage theft in Canadian workplaces. Wage theft is not simply paying low wages; rather, it is violating labor laws by failing to pay wages that are legally owed.
Vulnerable Workers Resources
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Canada’s temporary foreign worker program: What’s your experience?
2025
Pfeffer, A. (host)
Fact Sheet & Media
$4.1 million fines for violations of Canada’s temporary foreign worker program a ‘drop in the bucket’
2025
Alsharif, G.
Fact Sheet & Media
Approvals for temporary foreign workers continue to rise – will new restrictions finally slow the hiring?
2025
Alsharif, G.
Fact Sheet & Media
Ride-Hail Drivers, Taxi Drivers and Multiple Jobholders: Who Takes the Most Risks and Why?
2024
Lefcoe, A.D., Connelly, C.E., & Gellatly, I.
Academic Publications
New rules for hiring temporary foreign workers take effect to ‘prevent misuse of the program’
2024
Alsharif, G.
Fact Sheet & Media
‘It’s like a cage’: Foreign workers who quit Canadian Tire speak out about feeling trapped by work permits
2024
Luck, S.
Fact Sheet & Media
Not a good fit? The roles of aesthetic labour, gender, race, Indigeneity, and citizenship in food service employment
2024
Stevens, A. & Connelly, C. E.
Academic Publications
Government officers instructed to bypass fraud checks for TFW applications
2024
S. Kaur
Fact Sheet & Media
Government officers told to skip fraud prevention steps when vetting temporary foreign worker applications, Star investigation finds
2024
Alsharif, G. & Wallace, K.
Fact Sheet & Media
Employers still turning to low-wage foreign workers, even as unemployment rises
2024
Lundy, M.
Fact Sheet & Media
Hidden gatekeepers: How hiring bias affects workers in the food service industry
2024
Stevens, A. & Connelly, C. E.
Fact Sheet & Media
Here’s why Canada needs open permits for foreign workers
2024
Connelly, C. E.
Fact Sheet & Media
Podcast Episode – THE BACKBENCH #89 Canada’s Exploited Foreign Workers Program
2024
Roach, M. (Host)
Fact Sheet & Media
Fines mounting for violations in Canada’s temporary foreign worker programs
2024
Lundy, M.
Fact Sheet & Media
Employers boost recruitment of temporary foreign workers, despite softer labour market
2024
Lundy, M.
Fact Sheet & Media
Enduring Work: Experiences with Canada’s Temporary Foreign Worker Program
2023
Connelly, C. E.
Academic Publications
Safety on the line: Drivers who juggle multiple jobs are more likely to take risks on the road
2023
Lefcoe, A. D., & Connelly, C. E.
Fact Sheet & Media
The Experience of Non-standard Workers in Today’s Workplaces | Fire Away S6E7
2023
Rudner Law
Fact Sheet & Media
Let’s talk about the Temporary Foreign Worker Program
2023
Williams, J.
Fact Sheet & Media
Even high-wage temporary foreign workers are at risk of exploitation
2023
Connelly, C. E.
Fact Sheet & Media
Temporary foreign worker program must have open work permits
2023
Connelly, C. E.
Fact Sheet & Media
Infographic – Can the Temporary Foreign Worker program be saved?
2023
Connelly, C. E.
Fact Sheet & Media
Working in the digitized economy: HRM theory & practice
2020
Connelly, C. E., Fieseler, C., Černe, M., Giessner, S. R., & Wong, S. I
Academic Publications
How do we feel and behave when we’re not permanent full-time employees? The case of the diverse forms of non-standard work
2017
Bernhard-Oettel, C., De Cuyper, N., Murphy, M., & Connelly, C. E.
Academic Publications
Lower cost or just lower value? Modeling the organizational costs and benefits of contingent work
2017
Fisher, S. L. & Connelly, C. E.
Academic Publications
Many Canadians uneasy about temporary foreign workers: poll
2016
Zilio, M.
Fact Sheet & Media
Temporary Foreign Worker Program has ‘serious problems,’ McMaster prof says: Catherine Connelly to study controversial program amid allegations of abuse
2014
Huang, S.
Fact Sheet & Media
Pizza place faces federal grilling over temporary foreign workers
2014
Curry, B.
Fact Sheet & Media
Jason Kenney suspends restaurants from scandal-plagued temporary foreign worker program
2014
Goodman, L.
Fact Sheet & Media
Kenney bans restaurants from accessing TFWP: Ministry will not process any new or pending applications
2014
Goodman, L.-A.
Fact Sheet & Media
The potential “spillover” of temporary agency work
2014
Connelly, C. E., Gallagher, D. G., & Wilkin, C. L.
Academic Publications
Opinion – Temporary foreign workers are a temporary fix
2013
Connelly, C. E.
Fact Sheet & Media
Are B.C. employers among those addicted to temporary foreign workers?
2013
Luk, V.
Fact Sheet & Media
Unpaid internships: Invaluable opportunity or free labour
2013
McBride, B.
Fact Sheet & Media
Rethinking the employee-organization relationship: Insights from the experiences of contingent workers.
2012
Gallagher, D.G., & Connelly, C.E.
Academic Publications
Understanding underemployment among contingent workers
2011
Connelly, C. E., Wilkin, C. L., & Gallagher, D. G.
Academic Publications
Predicting temporary agency workers’ behaviors: Justice, volition, and spillover
2011
Connelly, C. E., Gallagher, D. G., & Webster, J.
Academic Publications
Nonstandard work arrangements: Meaning, evidence, and theoretical perspectives
2008
Gallagher, D. G., & Connelly, C. E.
Academic Publications
Organizational and client commitment among contracted employees: A replication and extension with temporary workers
2007
Connelly, C. E., Gallagher, D. G., & Gilley, K. M.
Academic Publications
Independent and dependent contracting: Meaning and implications
2006
Connelly, C. E., & Gallagher, D. G.
Academic Publications
Temporary workers, permanent consequences: Behavioral implications of the triangular employment relationship
2004
Connelly, C.E.
Academic Publications
Managing contingent workers: Adapting to new realities
2004
Connelly, C. E., & Gallagher, D. G.
Academic Publications
Emerging trends in contingent work research
2004
Connelly, C. E., & Gallagher, D. G.
Academic Publications
Contingent employment arrangements: Implications for human service work
2003
Gallagher, D. G., & Connelly, C. E.
Academic Publications